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Bad Propaganda: Avon was NOT a sterling example of MLM success

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Español: Logotipo de la empresa estadounidense...
Avon logo  (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
When trolling for new members, the recruiters for MLM often cite Avon, Amway, and until recently, Herbalife as sterling examples of network marketing. But are they really?

Since Amway is a private company, I have no stock data to show you, and Herbalife prices are crazy because some hedge fund managers are having an ego trip by playing with HLF stock. That's not a good indicator of the confidence in the company.

But Avon, that company had been around for over 100 years. How did it do?

If you enter AVP into Google, you'd find that Avon had been in STEADY DECLINE for the last ten years... since it adopted MLM. That's right, Avon did NOT adopt multi-level marketing until 2005. And it had been FAILING every year.

Avon Products, as of 18-FEB-2014
The stock chart is clear: for the last 10 years, S&P 500 had gone up 71%, while Avon stock price had gone DOWN 52%.

And one of the MAJOR change during that decade is Avon adopting MLM in 2005.

Please recall that MLM was started in 1979 when Amway survived an FTC challenge in court.

It took 25 years for Avon to go MLM, after MLM was created, and 100+ years AFTER the company was founded.

And it had done steadily WORSE every year, ever since.

Think about that. What do the stockholders know that we don't?

(And why would MLM defenders cite Herbalife's stock price rise since Ackman's challenge as proof that MLM is thriving, while ignoring Avon's price drop?)


When you hear the name "Avon", what do you think of?

"Avon Ladies" who come to your door demonstrating and selling cosmetics, probably?

Here is the Avon compensation plan, as per Jeff Babener of MLMLegal. It's multi-level.

Did you know sales records of Avon? According to its SEC filings per Q2 2011, it's $2.8 billion generated by 6.5 million salespeople. That's Avon’s sales to its own sales force. Like other MLMs, Avon does not track the actual retail sales by the salespeople to retail end-users, as required by Amway safeguard rules.

If you divide 2.8 billion by 6.5 million sales people, divide by 3 months (remember, it's just one quarter)... you get an average of just $144 a month of purchases per salesperson.

How much profit do you think there is for $144 purchase, esp. if there's a bit of self-consumption? Let's assume for a moment that the modern MLM Avon Ladies have retained most of their direct sales roots, and only 10% of the products were self-consumed, and average retail profit is 25% per item.

144*0.9*0.25=32.4 per month profit

If MORE than 10% of products were self-consumed on the average, then average profit would be even LOWER. (and of course, if average retail profit is higher...)

Apparently Avon had lost its will to retail as well. And Avon admitted so in 2009, when its North American president Geralyn Breig, was quoted by USA Today, ""Right now, our direct-selling opportunity is really the No. 1 product that we have to sell," Instead of selling their products, they're selling their opportunity.  And they picked a very conspicuous venue... Superbowl Commercial, where spots goes for $1 million USD or more. Their ad highlighted their opportunity, NOT their products.

Avon North America sales force reached an all time high in 2009, but sales revenue continued to dip since the 2005 high. And it has dropped EVERY YEAR ever since.

Avon's switch to MLM is clearly a disaster, while other MLM companies have enjoyed 300% growth or more in share prices, several times that of S&P 500 during the same period.

Which is why you only hear Avon mentioned as "So you think Avon's a scam too, eh?" and never "I'm in Avon and I'm making bazillion bucks".

Yet you don't hear "Avon was a cult and I lost my life savings" either.

Makes you wonder about all the OTHER MLMs, doesn't it?  On why are those companies making bazillion bucks, their top reps earning bazillion bucks, but they are also suspected to be pyramid schemes?

Could it be, that in order to be really successful, MLM have to screw over the lowest level members, and Avon had not been willing to do that?

Could it be that MLM has nothing to do with direct sales?
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Bad Propaganda: Found and Lost on Oprah's Website

MLM Absurdities: The "Big Placebo" industry that markets nutritional supplement woo

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Dietary supplements
Dietary supplements Do they actually improve your health?
(Photo credit: Andrei Z)
In studying the network marketing industry, MLM Skeptic had come to a conclusion that most network marketing companies deal with nutritional supplements and skin care, or as the somewhat pejorative slang goes: "lotions and potions".

The "potions and lotions" often promise some very vague and generalized health effects, with weasel descriptions such as:
Recently I came upon a quote by Richard Dawkins, and found it very applicable here:
If any remedy is tested under controlled scientific conditions and proved to be effective, it will cease to be alternative and will simply become medicine. So-called alternative medicine either hasn't been tested or it has failed its tests. 
The same applies to any sort of nutritional supplement, really. If any nutritional supplement is properly scientifically tested and proved to be effective, it will be adopted as national or even global nutritional standard. And it's clear that except for a few select examples, most nutritional supplements on the market are just woo, as they have not been tested properly, or have failed its tests to be effective in something.

So why do these nutritional supplements proliferate, and can be found in supermarkets and pharmacies and more?

The reason is quite troubling, as this has to do with growing scientific IGNORANCE and science denial.


A recent survey revealed that more than half of US population can't tell the difference between astrology and astronomy. That also means they can't tell what's scientific and what's not. They are at least partially scientifically ignorant. It is this population that relies on "experts" to make their decision, and often, the "expert" they trust is no such thing.

Previously MLM Skeptic had discussed the phenomenon of"wishful extrapolation", where some positive effects on a few cells or on mice in a lab was extrapolated into "beneficial for your body. This is especially common in the nutritional supplement arena, where companies find equine acupuncturists and general dermatologists to "prove" their nutritional supplements work.  (Makes you wonder what would a real nutritionist would say, hmmm?)

But consider this latest medical research result:"placebo effect" may account for 50% of a drug's effectiveness.  In other words, if you BELIEVE that the drug would work, you'll get 50% of the benefits, even if it's just water and sugar pills.

And the other half can explained by variety of probabilities, such as body's own immune system, natural healing, cyclical nature of symptoms, spontaneous remission, rest and relaxation, massage, hot shower, and much more.

Since nutritional supplements are NOT supposed to have any direct effects on the body (else they'd be drugs), ANY positive effect they have would therefore be attributable to placebo effect.

Yet you see every sort of nutritional supplements and skin care products advertised on TV, from CoQ 10 to Whey Protein, from special formulas of multi-vitamins (some may even be sold by your doctor) to uberjuice containing all sorts of uberfruits like Noni, Acai, Mangosteen, and more. Many of them have virtually no testing on humans. Most have only been tested on a few cells in a lab, or on test rats. Those tested on humans often have conflicting results, tiny sample size, or relied on "self-reporting" (i.e. relied on the participant scoring his or her own condition/feeling).

Multiple long-term studies of multi-vitamins and mineral supplements shows that they performed no better than placebo in improving anyone's health. Meta studies of studies also show that there is NO net benefit (if there is, it's negligible and definitely NOT worth the cost).

Furthermore, high doses of certain vitamins can actually cause harm.

The conclusion is inescapable: nutritional supplement industry is mostly UNscientific, and relies on placebo effect to sell itself to the masses who believe the pseudo-science and insufficient science behind them, instead of real science backing the real medical experts.

In other words,  the nutritional supplement industry is one "Big Placebo" industry (much like people accuse the drug companies to be "Big Pharma")  Indeed, Michael Spector, a science reporter, had pointed this out at TED, as a symptom of science denial...

That is the sorry state we are in.

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BREAKING NEWS: World Ventures *is* a Pyramid Scheme, according to Norwegian authorities

BREAKING NEWS: WCM777 / KINGDOM777 switched names again, now Global Unity or QianXi, depending on who you ask

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Various reports in Spanish from WCM777 adherents reported that WCM777, which had earlier renamed itself Kingdom 777 after it was outlawed on multiple continents, has renamed itself yet again to "Global Unity".

Again, there's a plethora of names. Some other names associated with Global Unity is "QianXi" the Chinese name Chinese, 千禧)Millenium City, and the Chinese name 千禧城.

There are some rumors that Ming Xu may have purchased an empty lot in SoCal and is giving "virtual shares" of that "opportunity" to participants of Global Unity, as relayed by various Spanish-speakers.

However, new of Ming Xu's law violations have made it to the Latino population. Telemundo 39 in DFW area of Texas (that's Dallas - Ft. Worth) has a special video report.

http://patrickpretty.com/2014/02/22/for-spanish-speakers-telemundo-39-dallas-report-on-wcm777/

BREAKING NEWS: TelexFree Fraud Warning in Europe

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TelexFree, a suspect Ponzi in Brazil, has apparently trying to make inroads in other parts of the world, which resulted in a warning from at least two European police units, specifically, from Jersey and Guernsey. 

For those who's not familiar with geography, Jersey is a part of "channel islands" between Great Britain and France. Guernsey is another such island. Jersey is nominally its own nation, though a British Crown Dependency, and its law enforcement is basically British.  It has a heavy Madeiran population (Wikipedia states 14% of the population are of Portuguese descent).

Madeira is another island off coast of Europe, specifically Portugal, and thus speaks Portuguese, same as Brazil.

The warning reads:

The States of Jersey Police have been made aware of a potential fraud which is targeting Jersey’s Madeiran community.
Guernsey Police have issued a similar appeal.
The scheme is under a company name of TELEXFREE and would require initial investments with the promise of big returns.
The scheme originated from Brazil and is currently being investigated by the Brazilian authorities as it is believed to be fraudulent.
Jersey Police know that islanders have been approached to “invest” in the scheme, but as yet have not had any contact from victims of the scam.
If anyone in Jersey has invested money into a TELEXFREE scheme they should contact the Joint Financial Crimes Unit on Tel: 01534 612250 (during office hours) or Police headquarters on 01534 612612 (at other times).

It is only a matter of time before the police units in other European countries issue their own official warnings.

(Thanks for BehindMLM for the initial report)

BREAKING NEWS: FTC responds to Senator Markey's Letter... with nothing

BREAKING NEWS: TelexFree cancels recruitment seminar on Jersey

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According to Detective-Sargeant Andrew Smith of Police of Jersey, when TelexFree reps learned that the local police is already aware of them, a recruitment seminar scheduled was abruptly cancelled, as reported by Globo:
"When they learned that we knew, they canceled the meeting," says Andrew Smith, Detective Sergeant of Police of Jersey, the iG . "We know that this is a fraud, a scam."
According to Smith, representatives of Telexfree from abroad were expected for the event. The police declined to disclose the names, and denied that they were Carlos Costa, Carlos Wanzeler, James Merrill and Steve Labriola, business leaders who participated in a company cruise in Brazil in December 2013.

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Scam Psychology: Scam Denial for Dummies (i.e. How to be happy sheeple)

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Editor's Note: After reading the article"Science Denial for Beginners" by Austin Cline, I just had to adapt it for scam denial. All credit goes to original author, and any mistakes are my own!

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Scam Denial for Dummies: How to Be Obedient Sheeple

adapted by K. Chang 
from original "Science Denial for Beginners" by Austin Cline

Denialism is growing phenomenon around the world, esp. when it comes to scams. Denial is a means by which people hold on to ideologies ("my scheme is legal!") that are threatened by reality (Scheme is likely illegal / is illegal elsewhere) and preserve a sense of control over a world they cannot directly manage. Denialists tends to use the same tactics, because denialism originate from common mental processes. There are six tactics you can utilize to deny reality about the scheme you are involved in.

1. Conspiracies Everywhere!

You can't be an effective scam denialist if you don't understand that most people with proper amount of common sense and due diligence will disagree with you. You have left your common sense behind and the best way for you to express this to the masses is also a time-honored one: it's a conspiracy!

No matter who disagrees with you and no matter what reasons and evidence they offer, you know deep in your heart that their "real" reason is they are part of a massive conspiracy against the scheme you're involved in. There is a nefarious plot afoot which is designed to suppress the "truth" (as you know it) about your scheme. This makes you a brave warrior fighting for your truth, your justice, and your people, at least in your mind.

(Actually, this just makes you sound like a loon, like Don Quixote...)

Therefore, when you meet criticism, accuse the other side of all sorts of conspiracy, the crazier the better. Start tame, like "you are just jealous", "you are just negative", then upgrade to "you're working for a competitor", then go all the way to "you're the 1% out to keep us the 99% poor".  You will sound like a hero, as least to yourself and to your fellow partners in the scheme.

(Also see Pigeon Chess)

(Also see "Why Bad Arguers Retreat to Conspiracy as Final Defense")

2. Cherry-Picking Evidence

It may become depressing to keep finding evidence that supports the other side, but if you're persistent enough you're bound to stumble across little nuggets of information which, if presented just right will appear to support your truth (as you see it). The lack of obvious evidence is proof (at least to you) that the world needs you to cherry-pick any evidence you can find, or if need be, "manufacture" some. It's for a good cause, you think.  Or you can always buy some endorsement with small disclaimers and let fellow sheeples claim it's good news!

Therefore, you should emphasize ANY sort of news that can be "spun" to your advantage. Your personal observation is 100% true and you are infallible. Your paycheck is a marketing tool, flash it on your video. Never mind FTC guidance on what's legal or illegal. FTC is a part of conspiracy! If you see some sort of minor and inconsequential court victory, proclaim it as "final proof" that your scheme's legal! Who's going to check your word? It's all base on trust!  Make up your own definition of what's a pyramid scheme or a ponzi scheme! Your own people will understand!

(Actually, nobody is infallible, not even you. That's called the Self-serving bias.

Furthermore, making false income claims can get you into trouble with both the company's compliance department, and the authorities.

And lying or exaggerating will hurt you later. )

(Also see "Eleven Bad Arguments MLM Defenders Must Stop Using")




3. Logical Fallacies

You usually don't have enough facts to defend your scheme, but you know the conclusion you want to reach... You believe your scheme's legal. With insufficient facts, the only way you can reach the conclusion you want is to use logical fallacies. Logic is NOT your friend. Most people don't know any critical thinking any way, not even you. You probably can't spot a logical fallacy any way.

(Actually, people who are serious about a "business" or an "opportunity" should be relatively well-versed in critical thinking and your logical fallacies won't get past them. If they do, you won't fool them more than once or twice. Then you'll have an enemy forever.)

What are logical fallacies? They are basically bad logic, i.e. logic's version of 1+1=3. If it helps you to make your case, so be it. Distractions are also logical fallacies (known as "red herrings"). People accuse your scheme of being a Ponzi scheme? Insist that everything is a Ponzi scheme! Stock market! Social Security! Banking System! People accuse your scheme of being a pyramid scheme? Any big corporation is organized like a pyramid!

(Ponzi schemes are fraudulent redistribution of wealth, stock market and Social security are not fraudulent.

As for pyramid-shaped organization vs. pyramid scheme, that's just a REALLY stupid red herring.)

(Also see FallacyFiles.org)


4. Fake Experts

You usually don't have enough experts to defend your scheme's legality, but don't let that stop you. Simply create "fake experts", such as your upline or any one else who sounds somewhat impressive but in reality has absolutely no expertise. Your upline (whose qualification is s/he got in before you did) is an "expert" on the scheme, never mind his history (or lack of) in the industry. Same for your team leader or company management. Previous failed ventures? Just say he's a "serial entrepreneur"! Or any "celebrity" (major, minor, or unknown) that was ever mentioned in the same breath as your scheme... tout their name, and claim "they can't be as so stupid as to join/endorse a scam, therefore my scheme is not a scam!"

If your scheme HIRED some experts, emphasize how impressive their titles are, never mind what they said or what they did. It's their CREDENTIALS you care about, not their actions.  Famous accountant and tax advisor? We can't possibly be a scam now! Famous motivational speaker? We can't possibly be a scam now!

(Actually, Zeek Rewards hired several big name MLM attorneys and consultants and one famous tax prep celebrity, and was still closed as a Ponzi scheme)

(Also see, why Experts Fail)

5. Impossible Standards

If your opponents ask you what would prove to you that your pet scheme is illegal, don't tell them to the truth (which is NOTHING! NOTHING will convince you it's illegal!) Instead, set an impossible standard of proof for them, and laugh at them when they can't produce. If they do manage to produce enough evidence, claim you were misunderstood and move the goal line. Remember, it's all a conspiracy to you, and you don't submit to conspiracies (even those that only exist in your head)!

Some example of these impossible standards would be
(Actually, all this denial of evidence just makes you look even MORE like a loon)

(Also see: No True Scotsman)

6. When in Doubt, Encourage Doubt

If the evidence against your scheme is overwhelming, you can divide and conquer by start nitpicking the differences among the evidence, and encourage your opponents to debate each other instead of you, thus fostering doubt.

One of the easiest ways to foster doubt among the opponents is to ask whether they think your scheme is a Ponzi scheme or a pyramid scheme. And let them debate how much of your scheme is Ponzi scheme and how much is a pyramid scheme. Then you jump in and point out everything they got slightly off, and claim all their analysis is bull****.

(In reality, a scheme can be both a ponzi scheme and a pyramid scheme, and both are illegal. )

Another way to foster doubt is loudly proclaim that your opponents are negative nannies and why don't they ever cover the POSITIVE aspects of your scheme.

(Fraud is fraud, and only one who benefits from fraud are the perps and the judas goats)


Conclusion

To be a proper scam sheeple, you need to deny reality, and abandon common sense and logic, so you live inside your private "Matrix" where you are disconnected from reality and you only interact with fellow scheme participants, who may or may not be lying to you, because they are just as disconnected from reality as you are. Family and friends are to be recruited if possible, avoided if not. Just remember, ignorance is bliss.

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Well folks, I have been snarky enough that nobody should be able to read this and think this is serious advice, but you never know with "true believers". :) Until next time, this is the MLM Skeptic, signing off.

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BREAKING NEWS: TelexFree under investigation in Africa

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The East African newspaper out of Kenya has confirmed with Rwandan government officials that TelexFree had spread to Rwanda and is being investigated by officials of being a fraudulent scheme.

Emmanuel Bayingana, the official in charge of Competition at the Ministry of Trade and Industry, confirmed that TelexFREE was being investigated.
“We are doing an assessment of the operations of TelexFREE,” Mr Bayingana said. “The investigations will determine the way forward. The assessment will be concluded next week.”
He noted that the ministry, Rwanda Development Board (RDB) and the central bank will come up with a position, especially if the business is found to be risk-prone.
The government has been strict on pyramid schemes and multi-level marketing businesses with a number of them, including Questnet, banned from operating in Rwanda.


http://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/Rwanda/News/Rwanda-govt-probes-TelexFREE-over-Ponzi-scheme-claims-/-/1433218/2226134/-/aha5x8/-/index.html

There are several reports that TelexFree may also be under investigation in other African countries. However, those cannot be confirmed at this time.

Found This Pix on Reddit: VERY appropriate

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Actual Advice Mallard says:
If you have to pay anything up front before you start a job, you're a customer, no an employee. 
Isn't it surprising that so many MLMers fail to realize this, and manage to convince themselves that they are "entrepreneur" instead?


BREAKING NEWS: ZeekRewards receiver filed civil suit against "insiders" and net winners

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According to PatrickPretty.com, Zeek Rewards receiver Ken Bell has filed lawsuit against the "net winners" of Zeek Rewards, alleging that they had long conspired to defraud others. This includes all of the major players in Zeek Rewards, including Paul "The Singing Magician" Burks, Dawn "HippieDiva" Wright-Olivares, Alex "I married Dawn" deBrantes, Dan "CIO? Me?" Olivares, and Darryle "Who? Me?" Douglas, as well as the estate of the late Roger Anthony Plyler.

This is a separate lawsuit from the charges filed by the SEC, and it is unknown if other agencies will bring criminal charges against the heads of the largest Ponzi scheme (in number of victims) in US History.

http://patrickpretty.com/2014/03/03/urgent-bulletin-moving-zeek-receiver-sues-alleged-insiders-winners-emails-skype-chats-helped-expose-fraud-weve-already-attracted-a-great-many-big-fishes-wright-olivares-exci/

More details on BehindMLM

http://behindmlm.com/companies/zeek-rewards/clawbacks-filed-against-zeek-insiders-winners

Scam Psychology: Charlie Munger on How You Screw Up, Part 1 of 6

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You may have heard of Charlie Munger. But if you haven't, you should have heard of his partner: Warren Buffet, one of the 5 richest man in the world.  In 1995, Charlie Munger gave a speech at Harvard... about how people misjudge things. Here's my personal interpretation of his lessons, as applied to network marketing. You can read the full speech.

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In the speech given at Harvard in 1995, Charlie Munger identified what he called "24 standard causes of human misjudgment." I call it "24 reasons why you screw up".  Here is 1 through 4.

1) Not understanding power of incentives

Incentives is the standard way if you want to influence someone's behavior. If you are not getting the results you want, you are probably using the wrong incentives. And if you don't understand how incentives work, you won't get the full use out of them (or understand how they're used on you)

One of the most direct ways network marketing company influences its affiliates is the compensation package, also known as the comp plan. And comp plan is the best indication how serious the network marketing company about retail is how it structures its comp plan. If the comp plan rewards self-consumption by tying commission to your downline's self-consumption, you have a pyramid scheme, as little if any product is actually being retailed. By studying how the incentives are actually applied, you can see which way the company wants the affiliates to jump. And if that doesn't match what they say they are, perhaps the business is not what it appears to be.

Another way incentives play into network marketing is not realizing the way incentive actually works, generally by overestimating one type of incentive vs. another kind. One of the most frequently used rebuttals in network marketing "So-and-so is famous and works with MLM X. So-and-so can't POSSIBLY work for a scam as it would ruin his reputation, so MLM X can't be a scam." This argument basically postulates that Incentive A: MLM X paid So-and-So 75K for a special appearance at a convention for a speech is NOT sufficient to overcome Incentive B: Negative reputation due to MLM X may be a scam. However, when you think about it, this makes absolutely no sense at all. Plenty of celebrities have pitched for scam at one time or another. Snooki had shilled for Zantrex the super-caffeinated diet pill that was called out as bunk by doctors. Bob Eubanks was once tricked into making a test show which was then used as "pilot" to scam investors into funding a show that doesn't exist.  Celebrities are people too. They can be tricked, or they simply don't care as you're more focused on his/her celebrity status rather than what s/he endorses. The negative incentive is nowhere as big as the rebuttal claimed to be.

By not understanding the power of incentives (even negative incentives), some people came to the wrong conclusion.



2) Not understanding power of denial

Denial is a powerful emotion. If your reality is just too painful or too shocking to accept, you simply tune out reality or distort it to the point where you can bear with it. You're now living in your private la-la land, or for the modern generation, your own "Matrix", where "reality" bends to your thoughts. The problem is... sooner or later you have to come back out.

You can see this on various news programs where mothers of the most obvious criminals seems to always believe their sons' innocence. You can find mothers of sons in the military that went MIA. Some mothers NEVER believed that the son's dead.

You can find the same in scam world, where the most OBVIOUS Ponzi schemes or pyramid schemes have their victims proclaiming (sometimes, AFTER the government had shut the scam down), that it couldn't POSSIBLY be a scam, the leader couldn't hurt a fly, blah blah blah.

Just because someone's sincere doesn't mean you should believe them. They can be in denial. You can be in denial. Learn to recognize denial in yourself and others, and how it affects your decision making.

3) Not understanding Incentive-caused bias

This is sometimes known as conflict of interest, both in yourself and in others. Basically, you are not judging the item (to be judged) on its own merits, but rather how it can benefit you personally. Or perhaps, you may be relying on someone who has something to gain from you deciding one way.

One possibility is "cost plus percentage of cost contracts". US Department of Defense ran into some contractors with this CPPOC contracts and basically padded the bill (to cost) so the cost simply ballooned to ridiculous amounts. The incentive to the contractor is to push the cost as high as possible, as they have no incentive to save taxpayer any money. Eventually this sort of contract is outlawed... as a felony.

Another possibility is a doctor needing a patient for an experimental procedure to complete his research paper, and he of course, tried his darnest to insult, ridicule, cajole, plead, and beg someone to do it. The doctor has an incentive-caused bias to push his experiment, even on someone who may not be suitable or even want it.

In network marketing terms, you need to understand that recruiters are out there to recruit you, and they will make their case with incentive-caused bias... they have a LOT of incentive to recruit you, not just because they value you as a friend... but as a CUSTOMER... or worse, a DOWNLINE. If you have money problem they will pitch you their MLM instead of helping you with your budget... they have incentive to do so, not because it's the best solution for you.

By the same token, when you give an advice, are you doing it because it benefits you? Or are you giving advice because it really is the best advice you can give?  A lot of network marketing talkes about a "win-win" solution. The problem here is what's 'win win' is not necessary the best solution overall.

Just because they believe a certain way doesn't mean they are giving you their best advice, esp. when they also benefit from it. Learn to spot incentive-caused bias in yourself and others.

4) Not understanding consistency and commitment bias

Human brain generally wants to have only ONE idea at a time, and once the idea got in, it is VERY difficult to get rid of it. The old cliche "You don't get a second chance to make a first impression" is true, same with idea. Once you got the "first impression" of the idea, you will have a hard time believing that the idea is wrong, even when confronted with the facts. This is called "commitment bias". But it can also be "sunk cost fallacy". What's really interesting is this commitment bias leads to a whole slew of other bad thinking.

If you find a conflicting idea, you'll usually deny it (denialism) or simply ignore it (it's not important), not because it's wrong, but because you have a commitment bias against any "new" ideas.

You reinforce the commitment bias, esp. when you let the world know about your position of the idea. The public disclosure will cause you to lose the doubt that you originally have about the idea, as you've made a public commitment and you'll likely perceive shame if you ever do change your mind, even if you are proven wrong. This is exploited by network marketing. If you repeat the sales pitch long enough, you'll actually start believing it, even if you didn't at the beginning.

You will also reinforce the commitment bias, esp. if you had debated with someone about it. You had somehow taken personal ownership of the issue, even when you are supposed to be a neutral observer.

Stay tuned for part 2 of 6!


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Scam Psychology: Charlie Munger on How You Screw Up, Part 2 of 6

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You may have heard of Charlie Munger. But if you haven't, you should have heard of his partner: Warren Buffet, one of the 5 richest man in the world.  In 1995, Charlie Munger gave a speech at Harvard... about how people misjudge things. Here's my personal interpretation of his lessons, as applied to network marketing. You can read the full speech.

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In the speech given at Harvard in 1995, Charlie Munger identified what he called "24 standard causes of human misjudgment." What he really meant is "24 reasons why you screw up".  Read 1 through 4 here. Here is 5 through 8.


5) Not Understanding momentum bias and its causes

You are under the influence of other people every day, much like the dogs in Pavlov's famous experiment, so you have learned to associate two completely unrelated events, like the dogs salivate at the ringing of a bell, after they've been conditioned to associate bell with food. And you will continue to recognize the unrelated events as being related when they are not, and base your decisions on factors that were never relevant, or are no longer relevant. You have momentum bias.

Momentum bias is basically... that's the way it's always done... why change? Though there are some additional factors such a s Pavlovian association and how your mind looks in your memory and tries to find correlations... even when those aren't really applicable.

My dad once fixed a transmission problem by replacing the battery in a vehicle. Apparently the bad battery is confusing the computer and causing it to shift improperly. It is a very rare circumstance. However, ever since, my dad advocates "swap the battery" for all transmission problems even when it makes no sense. He has momentum bias. 

In terms of network marketing, you are trained early on that company = success and leaders = success, even though that may not be the case, and if you took that attitude with you to the next opportunity where it no longer applies, you have a momentum bias.

Learn to detect momentum bias in yourself and others. Do things because they are the proper decision for the time based on available evidence, not because "that's the way things are around here".


6) Not understanding reciprocation tendency / rising to expectations

Reciprocation tendency... If the other person asked you a request for A, you said "no way", then the other person retracted the request to be B (which is less than A), you are far more likely to say yes than if he had came right out and asked for B. You feel free to give in (a little) because the other side relented (a little).

Instead of making a decision based on the merits of evidence in front of you, you actually want to act in a way that is seemingly "fair", as well as consistent with what you did before (alternate form of momentum bias). That's a bias as you want to act as other people expect you to act. This is also known as "in for a penny, in for a pound".

This gets worse as you get into a system where there are little if any noticeable consequences (See "Stanford Prison Experiment") Your actions will change your actual view on the subject. You can be goaded  / coerced into doing things you would never contemplate doing... because people asked you to in certain coercive ways. And that's a bias.

Learn to detect reciprocation coercion and rising to expectations when it's used to influence you.


7) Not understanding bandwagon effect / over influence of social proof

"Everybody else is doing it" is not a reason, but an observation.

Network marketers are especially vulnerable to social proof... Because network marketing is social marketing, and relies on social proof. Look at our leader, so successful! He made X sales this month! He got promoted to level Y! He was at an award ceremony! He spend Z years in MLM! We should all be like him!

It's gotten so bad people are faking the social proof. Shill reviews, fake review sites, fake "certification" sites, fake "scam warning" sites, and much more are on the Internet now. There's even "reputation managers" that supposedly will help you bury other people's bad comments about you through both legal and potentially illegal means.

There's also the question... SHOULD you really follow someone else's decision, when it was basically a 'bet' made under uncertainty and stress? How do you know it's not a random pick or a coin-flip? Did you go backwards and look for the reasons he *may* have used to justify his actions? Or "if it's good enough for him, it's good enough for me"?  Is "keeping up with the Jones'" that important?

If you make your decision based on someone else's decision without full understanding of why s/he made such a decision, you are biased due to the bandwagon effect.


8) Not understanding Occam's razor isn't always right, esp. when it comes to human psyche

Human psyche is a weird mess, and often simple mathematical models are just too simple to be accurate, even though they sure *sounds* elegant.

Efficient Market Theory, for example, *assumes* that commodity and stock prices reflects all the information available about the commodity or stock being traded, and thus one cannot consistently profit from trading such over long-term without getting some sort of insider information. Clearly, this theory doesn't work that well, which is why the theory itself had splintered into "weak, semi-strong, and strong" versions. The market for commodity and stocks are a reflection of the human psyche, and that is impossible to measure but can sometimes be estimated.

Happiness Ratio is a junk science first published in 2005. It postulates that one must keep positive to negative emotions at a ratio of > 2.9013 to maintain happiness. One of the coauthor of the paper also published a book in 2009 touting the same 3 to 1 ratio. How did they come up with this number? Fluid dynamics equations called "Lorentz Equations". (WTF?!)  It was thoroughly debunked in 2013.  And it sure sounded simple and easy to follow.

Don't believe in simple theories or explanations just because they are simple, as Occam's Razor was often applied. Only when you are sure that competing theories are equally supported by evidence and you must choose one, THEN you should apply Occam's Razor. Lest you slice yourself instead.

To be continued! Wait for part 3 of 6!


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Guest Post: Vemma and Napoleon Hill's "Think and Grow Rich", part 4 of 6

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Previously we had SlayerofScams, a fellow scambuster on IGN, posting his essay on how people misconstrue Napoleon Hill's advice to coerce the weak-minded sheeple.  Here is part 4 of 6.

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SlayerOfScams, January 8, 2014



Round Four of Napoleon Hill's Smackdown of Vemma/Verve From Beyond the Grave

Hill says that to become successful or rich, one must perform an annual self-analysis/self-inventory. With the New Year just starting, what better time for the Verve reps to do that?

Here are some questions from Hill's self-inventory that are especially pertinent to Vemma reps:

To help you consider the correct answers, ask yourself: are you happy with having lost and continuing to lose $150+ USD per month in order to buy cans of Verve that you do not want and cannot sell, in the false hopes that Vemma will pay you fat commission checks for the rest of your life off of the recruitment and purchases made by your fictitiousnon-existent downline victims - fictitious and non-existent, of course, because real people (other than, perhaps, a few odd exceptions) are not actually stupid enough to sign up for this scam underneath you?

Next, ask yourself if any of the few downline victim suckers who you may have been lucky enough to dupe into the Vemma pyramid scam underneath yourself, and who are (like yourself) inevitably losing money every month to Verve, would be satisfied if they asked themselves the same questions given above.



To help you consider the correct answer, ask yourself: were Kevin Trudeau and Bernie Madoff in the right occupation? They both were in the exact same occupation as you are, Vemma reps: professional scammer. Although, those two are gifted and successful in the art of professional scamming. In contrast, you, average Vemma reps, are not.

But Madoff's and Trudeau's gifts and successes did nothing to keep them out of prison. Yet, they Madoff and Trudeau are among the best of the best possible exemplars of your profession. If you are going to make a permanent lifestyle and occupation out of professional scamming for Vemma, Madoff and Trudeau are your #1 and #2 role models.

After considering those points, then ask yourself: "What is my backup plan for when the Vemma/Verve pyramid scam either collapses on its own or is shutdown by the government?" When that happens, you are going to have to find another scam to which to attach yourself, and start from ground zero all over again.

Coming very soon... part 5 of 6!
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Duke University's Free Coursera Course on Critical Thinking: Take it!

BREAKING NEWS: Quebec, Canada, and Alaska, US, issues alert regarding WCM777 and related entities

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State of Alaska, United States of America, issued an investor fraud alert regarding WCM777 (later renamed Kingdom777, later renamed Global Unity)

http://www.commerce.state.ak.us/pub/PR-14-004-Investor-Fraud-Alert.pdf

This was quickly followed by Quebec Canada

http://www.lautorite.qc.ca/en/press-releases-2014-corpo.html_2014_alert-wcm777.html

If you are involved in WCM777, having put money into it, or know of someone who did, you may want to contact the authorities, esp. if you are in these areas.  Even if you are not, these are just some of the dozen jurisdictions that have issued investor alerts or outright cease and desist orders against WCM777. Chances you are in one of the other areas. Even if you are not, your money is in danger and you should contact your local authorities ASAP.

You can see all related articles regarding WCM777 via the tag below.


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BREAKING NEWS: Herbalife confirmed it is under investigation by FTC

BREAKING NEWS: Ming Xu claims he's no longer involved in WCM777 / Kingdom 777 / Global Unity

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In a series of tweets, instead of Bible-sounding quotes (i.e. "God gave me strength to persevere") Ming Xu claimed he's no longer involved in WCM / Kingdom / Global "due to investigations". He claimed he found a buyer who will follow his "vision".

Given that he previously found an actor to take over Kingdom 777... This is "I'll believe it when I see more than just announcements".

http://behindmlm.com/companies/wcm777/xu-abandons-wcm777-over-regulatory-heat

BREAKING NEWS: Italy fined Vemma, Organo Gold, and Asea 500K Euros for pyramid scheme and false claims

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Flag of Italy
Flag of Italy (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
Italy's Financial Regulators (Guardia di Finanze) Special Market Protection Unit, Anti-Trust Group, just issued fines to Vemma Italy (100K Euro fine), Asea Italy (150K Euro fine), and Organo Gold Europe (250K Euro fine) for "unfair business practices" (i.e. pyramid sales) of pushing illegal MLM beverage business.

Asea and Organo Gold got extra fines because they also made unsubstantiated health claims. Asea apparently claimed their product strengthens the immune system, promote healing process, and reduce harmful effects of free radicals. Organo Gold apparently claimed that their ganoderma mushroom made it effective in prophylaxis of nerve diseases, vascular diseases, and cancer, without side effects.

http://www.helpconsumatori.it/acquisti/vendite-piramidali-antitrust-decide-multe-per-500-mila-euro/79331
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